Sclerosants used in foam sclerotherapy

Both Sotradecol (sodium tetradecyl sulfate) and polidocanol are commonly used sclerosants in foam sclerotherapy, but they have some differences:

Sotradecol (Sodium Tetradecyl Sulfate)

• Type: Ionic detergent sclerosant.

• FDA Approval: Approved for treating varicose veins and spider veins.

• Mechanism: Causes damage to the vein lining, leading to closure of the vein.

• Usage: Effective for a wide range of vein sizes, from small spider veins to larger varicose veins.

• Side Effects: Can cause hyperpigmentation, skin necrosis, and allergic reactions, though these are relatively rare

Polidocanol

• Type: Non-ionic detergent sclerosant.

• FDA Approval: Also approved for treating varicose veins and spider veins.

• Mechanism: Similar to Sotradecol, it damages the vein lining, causing the vein to close.

• Usage: Known for being less painful upon injection and having a lower risk of adverse reactions compared to other sclerosants.

• Side Effects: Generally fewer side effects, with a lower risk of hyperpigmentation and skin necrosis

Comparison

• Pain and Comfort: Polidocanol is often preferred for its lower pain profile during injection.

• Efficacy: Both are effective, but the choice may depend on the specific vein being treated and the physician’s preference.

• Side Effects: Polidocanol tends to have fewer side effects, making it a popular choice for many practitioners